مدیریت اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی

مدیریت اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی

بررسی اثرات هم‌افزای کاربرد تلفیقی گیاه وتیور و بیوچار بر پالایش خاک آلوده به هیدروکربن‌های نفتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی طبیعت، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع چوب و مبلمان، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
10.22034/emj.2026.2094957.1188
چکیده
آلودگی خاک به هیدروکربن‌های نفتی یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی ناشی از فعالیت‌های نفتی است که به دلیل پایداری و سمیت این ترکیبات، نیازمند روش‌های کارآمد و پایدار برای پالایش خاک‌های آلوده است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثرات منفرد و تلفیقی گیاه وتیور (Vetiveria zizanioides) و بیوچار حاصل از کاه گندم بر حذف کل هیدروکربن‌های نفتی از خاک آلوده انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب تیمارهای شامل وتیور، بیوچار در دو سطح ۲ و ۵ درصد وزنی و ترکیب آن‌ها در شرایط گلدانی اجرا گردید. خاک با ۶ درصد وزنی نفت خام آلوده شد و نمونه‌ها به مدت شش ماه در شرایط کنترل‌شده نگهداری شدند. میزان کل هیدروکربن‌های نفتی در ابتدای آزمایش، پس از یک ماه و در پایان دوره با روش وزن سنجی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد هم‌زمان وتیور و ۲ درصد بیوچار موجب حذف 19/9 درصدی کل هیدروکربن‌های نفتی شد که به‌طور محسوسی بیشتر از کاربرد منفرد وتیور (11/18 درصد) و بیوچار ۲ درصد (8/88 درصد) بود و بیانگر اثر هم‌افزای این دو روش است. با این حال، بیشترین راندمان حذف مربوط به تیمار ۵ درصد بیوچار به‌تنهایی (21/4 درصد) بود که از تیمار ترکیبی وتیور و ۵ درصد بیوچار (14/7 درصد) عملکرد بهتری نشان داد. این نتایج بیانگر آن است که کارایی تلفیق گیاه‌پالایی و بیوچار به مقدار مصرف بیوچار وابسته بوده و در مقادیر بالاتر، جذب فیزیکی آلاینده‌ها توسط بیوچار ممکن است بر فرآیندهای زیستی ریزوسفر غلبه کند. به‌طور کلی، استفاده هم‌زمان از وتیور و بیوچار، به‌ویژه در مقدار ۲ درصد، راهبردی مؤثر، اقتصادی و سازگار با محیط‌زیست برای پالایش خاک‌های آلوده به نفت خام محسوب می‌شود. انجام مطالعات مزرعه‌ای و بررسی تغییرات جوامع میکروبی برای بهینه‌سازی این فناوری در مقیاس عملی پیشنهاد می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation of the synergistic effects of the combined application of Vetiveria zizanioides and biochar on the remediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons

نویسندگان English

Nasrin Gharahi 1
Elham Ghehsareh Ardestani 2
Mohsen Bahmani 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Nature Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Wood and Furniture Industry Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده English

etroleum hydrocarbon contamination is one of the most important environmental challenges arising from petroleum activities and, due to the persistence and toxicity of these compounds, requires efficient and sustainable methods for the remediation of contaminated soils. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of Vetiveria zizanioides and wheat straw-derived biochar on the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soil. the experiment was conducted under pot conditions using treatments consisting of vetiver, biochar at two rates of 2% and 5% (w/w), and their combination. The soil was contaminated with 6% (w/w) crude oil, and the samples were maintained under controlled conditions for six months. total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations were determined gravimetrically at the beginning of the experiment, after one month, and at the end of the experimental period. the results showed that the combined application of vetiver and 2% biochar resulted in 19.9% removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons, which was significantly higher than that achieved by the individual application of vetiver (11.18%) and 2% biochar (8.88%), indicating a synergistic effect of these two methods. However, the highest removal efficiency (21.4%) was observed for the treatment with 5% biochar alone, which showed better performance than the combined treatment of vetiver and 5% biochar (14.7%). These findings indicate that the efficiency of combining phytoremediation and biochar depends on the amount of biochar applied, and that at higher amounts, the physical adsorption of pollutants by biochar may prevail over biological processes in the rhizosphere. Overall, the simultaneous use of vetiver and biochar, particularly at 2%, is considered an effective, economical, and environmentally friendly strategy for the remediation of crude oil-contaminated soils. Field studies and investigations of changes in microbial communities are recommended to optimize this technology at a practical scale.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Phytoremediation
Biochar
Vetiveria zizanioides
Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Soil Remediation
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مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده
انتشار آنلاین از 07 مهر 1405

  • تاریخ دریافت 29 تیر 1405
  • تاریخ بازنگری 10 شهریور 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 20 شهریور 1405