Ethnobotany, as an interdisciplinary field, examines the interaction between humans and plants across cultural, social, and livelihood contexts. particularly within multiethnic societies, plays a significant role in identifying local capacities and advancing the sustainable utilization of plant resources.. The present study aims to investigate the various uses of rangeland plants from the perspectives of the Lur, Turkic, and Arab ethnic groupsin the Sabzkooh region of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province. furthermore, this study examines differences in perceptions among the ethnic groups.. The research methodology was descriptive, analytical, and field-based. Data were collected through questionnaires based on a Likert scale.. in this study, a purposive sampling approach was employed, and 33 Lur, 25 Turkic, and 27 Arab key informants were selected from the respective ethnic groups., the questionnaire’s reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha, and its validity was established by a panel of experts.. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and the non-parametric KruskalWallis test. The Results showed all three ethnic groups assigned the highest priority, respectively, to fodder, edible, and medicinal uses.For the Lur ethnic group, the mean values were reported as 4.09, 3.81, and 2.57, respectively. For the Turkic ethnic group, the mean values were 3.88, 3.64, and 2.84, respectively, and for the Arab ethnic group, the mean values were 4.07, 3.77, and 2.81, respectively. Furthermore, all three ethnic groups assigned the lowest priority, respectively, to handicraft value and the spiritual and sacred value of plants. For the Lur group, the mean values were 1.84 and 1.51; for the Turkic group, 1.80 and 1.56; and for the Arab group, 1.41 and 1.15, respectively. Overall, the findings indicate the existence of cultural–ecological convergence in the knowledge of plant uses and ethnobotany among the studied groups. This convergence may serve as a basis for sustainable development policies and participatory natural resource management. This study can be cited as scientific evidence that, in the study area, ethnic and linguistic diversity does not necessarily mean differences in indigenous plant knowledge. The research emphasizes the importance of cultural–ecological convergence, and its findings can be used in natural resource policymaking, local education, and the development of indigenous knowledge of rangeland plants.